What happens if the welding gun is moved closer to the work?

When the welding gun is moved closer to the work, the resistance in the circuit decreases. This is due to the fact that the distance between the electrode (the welding wire) and the workpiece is reduced, allowing for a more direct flow of electric current. As the resistance drops, according to Ohm’s law (current = voltage/resistance), the current increases if the voltage remains constant.

In welding practice, an increase in current can improve penetration and heat input, which can be beneficial or detrimental depending on the specific welding requirements and the materials being joined. This relationship is crucial for achieving optimal weld quality, as being able to control current effectively is essential for successful welding operations.