What is a common defect that can occur in welds if proper technique is not followed?

Porosity is a common defect that can occur in welds when proper technique is not adhered to. This defect manifests as small holes or voids within the weld metal that result from trapped gas during the solidification of the weld. Several factors contribute to the formation of porosity, including contamination from oil, grease, moisture, or the presence of inadequate shielding gas coverage.

When welding materials without proper preparation or technique, gases can form and get trapped in the weld pool as it solidifies. This can weaken the weld and lead to structural failure in the finished product. Maintaining correct arc length, proper travel speed, and ensuring cleanliness of the base material are crucial to prevent porosity and ensure a strong, defect-free weld.

While the other defects listed—oxidation and corrosion—are related to welding processes and materials, they originate from different causes. Oxidation can occur during the welding process if the molten metal is exposed to atmospheric oxygen, and corrosion is generally a long-term deterioration of the material that occurs due to chemical reactions with the environment. However, porosity is more directly tied to immediate welding technique deficits.