What is the current called when the electrons flow from the electrode to the base metal?

The term used when electrons flow from the electrode to the base metal is known as Direct Current Electrode Negative (DCEN). In this configuration, the electrode is negatively charged, which causes the electrons to move from the electrode towards the base metal. This type of current is commonly associated with processes where a higher rate of heat is generated in the workpiece, enhancing penetration and improving the welding process.

In a welding context, using DCEN is beneficial for certain applications because it can help improve the weld quality. This is particularly important when dealing with thicker materials, where good penetration into the base metal is necessary.

Understanding this concept is critical for welders, as selecting the appropriate type of current can significantly influence the success and quality of the weld joint.